{"id":5451,"date":"2014-10-03T11:48:53","date_gmt":"2014-10-03T10:48:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/antonioargandona\/?p=5451"},"modified":"2014-09-15T12:20:57","modified_gmt":"2014-09-15T11:20:57","slug":"barcelona-o-muerte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/antonioargandona\/2014\/10\/03\/barcelona-o-muerte\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00abBarcelona o muerte\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>No es un grito deportivo, ni una reivindicaci\u00f3n nacionalista. Me llam\u00f3 la atenci\u00f3n encontrar en la web de <strong>IZA<\/strong>, un conocido think tank alem\u00e1n, un art\u00edculo titulado<strong> \u00abBarcelona o muerte: Para entender la inmigraci\u00f3n ilegal de Senegal\u00bb<\/strong> (<a href=\"http:\/\/ftp.iza.org\/dp7728.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">aqu\u00ed<\/a>, en ingl\u00e9s), del que es autor Lingu\u00e8re Mously Mbaye. El t\u00edtulo viene de una frase que, cuenta el autor, dicen miles de senegaleses que tratan de emigrar ilegalmente: \u00abBarsa wala Barsakh\u00bb, que en una de las lenguas de Senegal significa <strong>\u00abBarcelona o muerte\u00bb, o sea, preferimos morir antes que permanecer en nuestro pa\u00eds, si no podemos emigrar a un pa\u00eds mejor<\/strong>. La referencia a Barcelona se\u00f1ala que es una ciudad muy conocida, pero no tratan de venir a Barcelona (ellos se lo pierden, claro), sino a\u00a0\u00abEldorado\u00bb, a una pa\u00eds m\u00edtico, deseado.<\/p>\n<p>El documento se basa en una encuesta hecha en Dakar, la capital de Senegal, entre noviembre de 2006 y abril de 2007 a 400 personas, de las que <strong>el 92% manifestaba que les gustar\u00eda emigrar. Y muchos de ellos, ilegalmente.<\/strong> Las conclusiones del articulo son, de forma muy resumida:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Aceptan un riesgo de muerte elevado<\/strong> (25% en mediana). La p\u00e9rdida de bienestar resultante de quedarse en Senegal debe ser, pues, muy alta.<\/li>\n<li>Los inmigrantes ilegales potenciales son <strong>j\u00f3venes, solteros y con un bajo nivel educativo<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Los precios de la inmigraci\u00f3n ilegal est\u00e1n correlacionados con la probabilidad de que la emigraci\u00f3n sea ilegal. O sea, <strong>cuanto m\u00e1s probable es que sea ilegal, m\u00e1s caro es<\/strong>. O sea, lo tienen muy dif\u00edcil.<\/li>\n<li>La decisi\u00f3n la toman sobre la base de <strong>una informaci\u00f3n que suele ser muy limitada y sesgada.<\/strong> Y esto es m\u00e1s importante todav\u00eda cuando la decisi\u00f3n es de emigrar ilegalmente.<\/li>\n<li>Hay una relaci\u00f3n positiva entre <strong>la existencia de redes de emigrantes en el pa\u00eds de destino<\/strong> y la intenci\u00f3n de emigrar ilegalmente. Esas redes se supone que proporcionan informaci\u00f3n, se supone que m\u00e1s acertada, y ayuda despu\u00e9s del salto.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Las pol\u00edticas dirigidas a frenar la inmigraci\u00f3n frenan m\u00e1s la legal que la ilegal<\/strong>. O seam est\u00e1n mal orientadas.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Espa\u00f1a e Italia son los lugares preferidos<\/strong>, quiz\u00e1s porque el acceso es m\u00e1s f\u00e1cil, o porque ya hay redes de emigrantes establecidas en esos pa\u00edses. La historia, la proximidad cultural o el idioma, o sea, la preferencia por Francia, no son factores importante.<\/li>\n<li><strong>La emigraci\u00f3n no es decisi\u00f3n de una persona, sino de una familia<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>No es un grito deportivo, ni una reivindicaci\u00f3n nacionalista. Me llam\u00f3 la atenci\u00f3n encontrar en la web de IZA, un conocido think tank alem\u00e1n, un art\u00edculo titulado \u00abBarcelona o muerte: Para entender la inmigraci\u00f3n ilegal de Senegal\u00bb (aqu\u00ed, en ingl\u00e9s), del que es autor Lingu\u00e8re Mously Mbaye. El t\u00edtulo viene de una frase que, cuenta [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":172,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11722,10775],"tags":[319,67688,39040],"class_list":["post-5451","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economia","category-sociedad","tag-barcelona","tag-emigracion","tag-nivel-de-vida"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"No es un grito deportivo, ni una reivindicaci\u00f3n nacionalista. 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