{"id":57,"date":"2013-11-13T16:43:32","date_gmt":"2013-11-13T15:43:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/?p=57"},"modified":"2015-04-08T16:49:25","modified_gmt":"2015-04-08T15:49:25","slug":"values-that-we-can-change-in-companies-and-society","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/2013\/11\/13\/values-that-we-can-change-in-companies-and-society\/","title":{"rendered":"Values that We Can Change in Companies and Society"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/files\/2013\/11\/Personal-and-Corporate-Values.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-76 alignright\" alt=\"Ethics: Personal and Corporate Values\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/files\/2013\/11\/Personal-and-Corporate-Values-1024x557.jpg\" width=\"375\" height=\"203\" \/><\/a>A few days ago I was invited to speak at the <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.clubderoma.net\" target=\"_blank\"><b style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">Club of Rome<\/b><\/a><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">\u2019s series on \u201c<\/span>The Crisis of Values <span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">and Social Regeneration\u201d organized by its Catalan Chapter. I asked, \u201c<strong>What can we do with our <\/strong><\/span><strong>society\u2019s<\/strong><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"><strong> values?<\/strong>\u201d What I would like to discuss in this regard is important: <\/span><strong style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">Values can be changed<\/strong><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">. The second part of my presentation dealt with this, while the first focused on precisely some \u201cvalues\u201d that I believe are not the most appropriate given what our society needs today.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>In the personal sphere, we can understand values in two ways: as <b>ideals<\/b> (what I would like to be) and as <b>practices<\/b> (what I do effectively). With regard to values as ideals, I pointed out that they require two things: information and training.<\/p>\n<p><b>Information:<\/b> What values do I deem desirable? This sounds very theoretical. However, it need not be if we understand how we receive this information. For example, when I observe my father working hard, my mother making sacrifices for her children and my teacher worrying about keeping details in order, I am learning that there are values that are worth living.<\/p>\n<p><b>Training:<\/b> Why should I live those values? This is the <b>rational<\/b> dimension that one learns through thinking, study, consultation, etc. Being industrious is good for many reasons, and it is certainly much better than its opposite which is not so for many other reasons, yet it obviously has its limitations as well for several reasons. I should be able to understand this and similarly, about other values.\u00a0 Probably the best way to acquire this type of knowledge, however, is not to attend a conference series, but rather to simply ask my father, who would explain to me the reasons why industriousness is a value.<\/p>\n<p>The other way to understand values \u2013 as <b>practices<\/b> \u2013 deals with the ability to live according to these values, i.e., to practice them. It is fine to say that one should be industrious, but if I have never in my life been so, it won\u2019t go beyond being an attractive yet unattainable desire.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><b>Training yourself to live according to your values<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Certainly, the conference attendees were interested in <b>how one goes about <\/b><b>training<\/b>.\u00a0 Following are some of the ideas I discussed (of course there are many more):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Learn to correctly <b>evaluate<\/b> reality, because what you want does not necessarily coincide with what is good for you. A clear example is food and drink, but also in the way we live in society.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Know <b>what drives you<\/b>. Ask yourself, \u201cWhy do I do this?\u201d Don\u2019t beat around the bush; don\u2019t justify your decisions saying that you do it for the sake of others. Go on and tell it like it is.\u00a0 Otherwise, it\u2019s like cheating at solitaire.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0Keep in mind the <b>consequences<\/b> of your actions on you \u2013 all of them. A lie might get you out of an awkward situation (a positive consequence), but it makes you a liar and you step onto a slippery slope of lying with greater ease in the future (a negative consequence)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Keep in mind the consequences <b>on others<\/b>. Lying to a client allows you to land a sale, but would you like to be the client who has been lied to?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Make an effort to understand <b>others\u2019 needs<\/b> and to take them into consideration.\u00a0 \u201cI know what they need.\u201d \u00a0Well, are you sure?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0Step out of the either-or polarity of \u201cgood\u201d or \u201cbad\u201d and think instead about \u201c<b>the best.<\/b>\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Eliminate your actions that prompt others to act <b>selfishly<\/b> and you will have improved your moral environment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Help others to understand what <b>motivates<\/b> their actions, as you did with your own, certainly so that they can improve, but also, so that you can be better too.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Help others to understand the <b>effect<\/b> of their actions on themselves and others, for the same reasons that you thought about it for yourself.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Trust others. Give them your <b>trust<\/b> and let them know.\u00a0 If they ask you what they should do, answer that it\u2019s up to them to think about what they should do.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Let them make <b>mistakes<\/b>. Let them know that they have done so, but let them take <b>responsibility<\/b>. Otherwise, they won\u2019t improve as people and you will never improve as a leader.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Be an <b>example<\/b>. Values are not abstract; we learn them from the behavior we observe in others.\u00a0 Now it\u2019s your turn to be the example.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Don\u2019t trust your ethical instinct.\u00a0<b>Study<\/b>, question, ask for advice, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0<b>Train yourself<\/b> to do good. How? By always doing what you are supposed to, but doing it well.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0Strive to act based on <b>higher motives<\/b>, not only on rewards and punishments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0Conquer the temptation <b>to do what you want<\/b>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>If you make a <b>mistake<\/b>, acknowledge it, ask for forgiveness, and start over. You won\u2019t lose others\u2019 appreciation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Complicate your life<\/b>. Living your values is not a guarantee of having it easy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u00a0<b>Developing values in companies<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Yet, how does one develop values in <b>companies and organizations<\/b>?<b>\u00a0 <\/b><\/p>\n<p>Here\u2019s a preliminary idea:\u00a0 A company with values (<b>ethical values<\/b>) is probably a good, well-managed company because it has the ability to create an internal and external environment that lends itself to <b>trust<\/b>, <b>participation<\/b>, to considering the consequences of decisions on stakeholders, to thinking in the <b>long-term<\/b>, etc.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 252px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Image courtesy of FreeDigitalPhotos.net\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/files\/2013\/11\/ID-100174881-300x272.jpg\" width=\"252\" height=\"172\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image courtesy of FreeDigitalPhotos.net<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Another preliminary idea: A <i>company\u2019s<\/i> values do not necessarily need to be those of its <b>directors<\/b> and <b>employees<\/b> because a company is ultimately more than the sum of its parts. It has its own <b>culture<\/b>, <b>structure<\/b>, <b>regulations<\/b> on how it functions, and a <b>day-to-day<\/b> that makes relationships between people more complicated than those between friends, or a mother and her children.\u00a0 Employees may be very tolerant, yet the norms by which a company works may turn it into a model of intolerance.\u00a0 In other words, while I might be willing to tolerate people who think differently, the company may not allow for dissenting voices.\u00a0 That is why it is important for values to permeate the entire <b>structure<\/b>, norms and culture and that they be present in an organization\u2019s <b>strategy<\/b>, <b>policies<\/b> and day-to-day <b>decision-making<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p><b>Incentives<\/b> are particularly important. (Like <b>Kenneth Andrews<\/b> of Harvard said many years ago, \u201cIn the end people do things that they get paid to do,\u201d not what is published in the mission on the website.)\u00a0 Criteria and processes to <b>evaluate<\/b> behavior are also important. (Do they pay me to sell more without asking how I did it or do they also want me to do so in a \u201cclean\u201d way, collaborating with clients and colleagues?)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">How companies react to <\/span><b style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">conflicts<\/b><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"> and <\/span><b style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">failure<\/b><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"> is also extremely important.\u00a0 Do they sweep it under the rug or do they try to find out what really happened?\u00a0 <\/span><b style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">Communication<\/b><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"> and <\/span><b style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">institutionalization<\/b><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"> are also important.\u00a0 \u00a0Not everything has to do with the good will of a director who tomorrow could be replaced by someone else.\u00a0 A <\/span><b style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">commitment<\/b><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"> from all, starting with top executives, and <\/span><b style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\">participation<\/b><span style=\"line-height: 1.714285714; font-size: 1rem;\"> by all, is crucial.\u00a0 After all, where values are concerned, and especially, carrying them out, everyone has something\u00a0 &#8211; a lot &#8211; to say.<\/span><b>Align<\/b> values and practice:\u00a0 Review structures, processes and policies to see if any are misaligned<\/p>\n<p>with the values that the organization upholds.\u00a0 Allow people the appropriate free rein to get involved without fear of reprimand every time they do.<\/p>\n<p><b>Transparency<\/b>:\u00a0 Put in place effective <b>controls<\/b> to detect flaws.\u00a0 And, in conclusion, pay special\u00a0attention to human resource policies.\u00a0 These are what in the end will shape the values of the organization, even if they are not the only factor in this realm.\u00a0 Anyway, just a few ideas to ponder.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/files\/2013\/11\/principles-and-values.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-78 alignleft\" alt=\"principles-and-values\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/files\/2013\/11\/principles-and-values.jpg\" width=\"254\" height=\"157\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/files\/2013\/11\/principles-and-values.jpg 642w, https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/files\/2013\/11\/principles-and-values-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/files\/2013\/11\/principles-and-values-624x385.jpg 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 254px) 100vw, 254px\" \/><\/a>If we don\u2019t like the values by which we are living or those that our society or one of our specific societies (family, sports club, company, political party, etc.) is living, we will have to change them.<\/p>\n<p>Unless we practice the relativism associated with <b>Groucho Marx <\/b>when he said, \u201cThese are my principles.\u00a0 If you don\u2019t like them, don\u2019t worry, I have others.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What can we do with our society\u2019s values? Values can be changed &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":172,"featured_media":82,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1450],"tags":[91588,76034,91593],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-57","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-values","tag-society","tag-training-values","tag-values","megacategoria-mc-business-ethics-and-corporate-social-responsibility"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/172"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":84,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57\/revisions\/84"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/82"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/ethics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=57"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}