{"id":344,"date":"2012-02-01T16:53:52","date_gmt":"2012-02-01T15:53:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/leggett\/?page_id=344"},"modified":"2012-03-02T12:35:44","modified_gmt":"2012-03-02T11:35:44","slug":"some-useful-rhetorical-terms","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/leggett\/some-useful-rhetorical-terms\/","title":{"rendered":"Some useful rhetorical terms"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li><strong>Alliteration<\/strong>: repetition of the same sound, e.g. <em>Veni, vidi, vici <\/em>(Julius Caesar)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Anaphora<\/strong>: repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of a successive phrase e.g. <em>\u201cWe shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end. We shall fight in France, we shall defend \u2026 \u00a0\u201d<\/em> (Churchill)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Analogy<\/strong>: a comparison; similarity between two things on <a href=\"http:\/\/dictionary.reference.com\/browse\/which\">which<\/a>\u00a0a comparison may be based e.g. \u201cthe analogy between the heart and a pump\u201d.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Antistrophe<\/strong><strong> :\u00a0<\/strong> a<strong> <\/strong>repetition of the same word or phrase at the end of successive clauses, e.g. \u00a0<em>\u201cIn 1931, \u2026 , without warning.<\/em> \u00a0<em>In 1935, Italy invaded Ethiopia \u2026 without warning. In 1939 \u2026 without warning\u201d <\/em>(Roosevelt)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Antithesis<\/strong>: opposite or the contrast of words or ideas to a proposition e.g. <em>Not that I loved Caesar less, but I loved Rome more<\/em> (Shakespeare)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Arrangement<\/strong><strong> :\u00a0<\/strong> disposition; organization of a discourse (usually using a deductive format)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ceremonial rhetoric<\/strong><strong> <\/strong>: speech commemorating or celebrating an event or a person<\/li>\n<li><strong>Charisma<\/strong><strong> :<\/strong> special personal power or quality of a person making him or her capable of influencing or inspiring others<\/li>\n<li><strong>Decorum<\/strong><strong> :<\/strong> using language that is within keeping &#8211; congruous<\/li>\n<li><strong>Deliberate rhetoric<\/strong><strong> :<\/strong> political rhetoric<\/li>\n<li><strong>Delivery<\/strong>: how something is said; tonality and body language are important here as well as the language used<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dialectic<\/strong><strong> :<\/strong> a branch of logic \/ argumentation \u2013 it can also be seen as a triad thesis, antithesis and synthesis<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dignatas\u00a0 :<\/strong> distinction or a state of being worthy of recognition by others<\/li>\n<li><strong>Elecutio<\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0 :<\/strong> mastery of speaking style &#8211; using the plain (instruction), middle (oration) and higher (ceremonial) styles of speaking<\/li>\n<li><strong>Enthymeme<\/strong><strong> :\u00a0<\/strong> informal method of reasoning e.g. \u201cWe cannot trust this man (conclusion), for he has lied in the past (minor premise)\u201d\u00a0 The major premise is omitted (Those who lie cannot be trusted)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Epideictic<\/strong><strong> :<\/strong> ceremonial speaking e.g. Lincoln\u2019s Gettysburg address<\/li>\n<li><strong>Epiphora<\/strong><strong> : <\/strong>repetition of a word or phrase at the end &#8211; The most famous today is, <em>\u201cYes we can\u201d<\/em> (Obama).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ethos<\/strong><strong> :<\/strong> argument by character; professional and personal credibility<\/li>\n<li><strong>Euphemism<\/strong><strong> :<\/strong> it<strong> is <\/strong>substitution of an agreeable term for<strong> <\/strong>an unpleasant or an offensive one<strong> <\/strong>e.g.<strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><em>Give up the ghost, Happy hour\u2026<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Fable<\/strong><strong> :\u00a0<\/strong> a story as an example<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fallacy :<\/strong> a fallacy is usually a bad argumentation form that doesn\u2019t stand up in logic; in reasoning<br \/>\nresulting in a misconception or presumption.<strong><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Forensic :<\/strong><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong>Judicial rhetoric \u2013 using the dialectic (argumentation) or logos<\/li>\n<li><strong>Grand style<\/strong><strong> : \u2018<\/strong>Asiatic style\u2019 \u2013 a style emphasizing elegance and charm<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hyperbole<\/strong><strong> : <\/strong>an impression produced by obvious exaggeration<\/li>\n<li><strong>Innuendo<\/strong> :\u00a0 planting a negative idea in the audience\u2019s head<\/li>\n<li><strong>Invention<\/strong><strong> : <\/strong>creation of subject and suitable arguments to support it<\/li>\n<li><strong>Irony<\/strong><strong> : <\/strong>ironia \u2013 the words say one thing but mean another e.g. <em>\u201cAnd Brutus is an honourable man\u201d <\/em>(Shakespeare)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kinds of rhetoric<\/strong><strong> :\u00a0<\/strong> forensic (legal), deliberate (political) and epideictic (ceremonial)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Logos<\/strong><strong> :<\/strong> argument by logic; word or message or logical proof of an argument<\/li>\n<li><strong>Metaphor :<\/strong><strong> <\/strong>implied comparison using words or a phrase not in their literal sense e.g. <em>\u2018He is a lion in battle\u2019<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Memory<\/strong><strong> : <\/strong>memoria \u2013 helping ourselves as speakers and our audience to remember (usually by associations)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Middle Style<\/strong><strong> : <\/strong>a style that is neither over argumentative nor emphasizing elegance nor charm<\/li>\n<li><strong>Oxymoron<\/strong><strong> :<\/strong> contradictory terms or words e.g. cruel kindness<\/li>\n<li><strong>Paradigm<\/strong> :\u00a0 argument from example e.g. \u201cpeople think ice hockey players are tough\u201d \u2013 it is basically a way of thinking (a set of assumptions, concepts, values, and practices that constitutes a view of reality).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Paradox<\/strong><strong> :\u00a0 <\/strong>a paradox is<strong> <\/strong>an assertion seemingly opposed to common sense or received opinion \u2013 the contrary figure<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pathos<\/strong><strong> :\u00a0<\/strong> argument by emotions; power of arousing the right feelings<strong> <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Plain style<\/strong><strong> :\u00a0<\/strong> Attic style \u2013 emphasizing argument and conciseness \u2013 opposite to the \u2018grand style\u2019<\/li>\n<li><strong>Red herring<\/strong><strong> :\u00a0<\/strong> an argument of distraction (a fallacy)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rhetoric<\/strong><strong> :\u00a0<\/strong> the theory and practice of persuasive speaking or writing<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rhetorical question<\/strong><strong> :<\/strong> it is form of a question without the<br \/>\nexpectation of a reply e.g. <em>\u201c<\/em><em>Marriage is a wonderful institution, but who would want to live in an institution?&#8221;<\/em> (H. L. Mencken)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Senus communis<\/strong><strong> :<\/strong> the act of expressing a sense of community<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sophist<\/strong><strong> :\u00a0<\/strong> a teacher of rhetoric in ancient Greece<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sophistry<\/strong><strong> :\u00a0<\/strong> method of arguing that seems plausible but in effect is unsound<\/li>\n<li><strong>Simile\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><strong> <\/strong>an explicit comparison between two thing using \u2018like\u2019 or \u2018as\u2019<\/li>\n<li><strong>Syllogism<\/strong> : formal method of reasoning; proof in formal logic (see enthymeme)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Synthesis<\/strong><strong> :<\/strong> the act of making a whole out of parts \u2013 opposite to analysis<\/li>\n<li><strong>Style<\/strong> : manner of using words: the grand, middle and plain styles of speaking<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tautology<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> different words to say the same thing<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thesis :<\/strong> a proposition<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tricolon<\/strong> : three parallel elements e.g. Veni, Vidi, Vici (Julius Caesar)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vision<\/strong><strong> :<\/strong> vivid mental picture produced in the imagination of the listener or reader<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Alliteration: repetition of the same sound, e.g. Veni, vidi, vici (Julius Caesar) Anaphora: repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of a successive phrase e.g. \u201cWe shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end. We shall fight in France, we shall defend \u2026 \u00a0\u201d (Churchill) Analogy: a comparison; similarity [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-344","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/leggett\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/344","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/leggett\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/leggett\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/leggett\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/leggett\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=344"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/leggett\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/344\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":399,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/leggett\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/344\/revisions\/399"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iese.edu\/leggett\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=344"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}