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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping how we work, learn, and innovate. As a key driver of innovation and competitive advantage, AI’s influence already touches most aspects of our lives. But leveraging its full potential requires more than access—it requires AI literacy.

AI literacy is about more than understanding technology. It’s a skill set that empowers individuals to critically assess AI systems, collaborate effectively with them, and apply AI tools across diverse contexts—from the workplace to the classroom and beyond. It means grasping the fundamental principles of AI, recognizing its potential applications, and addressing the ethical, social, and privacy challenges that come with its use.

Research by Chan & Colloton (2024) shows that AI literacy isn’t just about using AI tools; it’s about mastering their principles, identifying biases, protecting privacy, and cutting through the hype to see AI’s real potential. Whether you’re an educator, student, or business leader, these skills are crucial to thriving in today’s AI-driven world.

In this edition of the Library Newsletter, we’ve curated a selection of resources to help you hone your AI literacy. These tools and insights will support your journey toward using generative AI responsibly and effectively in both academic and professional settings. Consider this your starting point for innovation and informed decision-making in an AI-powered world. The future will be driven not by gen AI alone but by the people who know how to use it most effectively.

Merry Christmas and best wishes for a successful, innovative year ahead!

1. Literature on AI Literacy

den Hamer, P., Duncan, A. D., Waller, G., Medeiros, D., & Clendaniel, S. (2024, October 1). Create an AI Literacy Roadmap to Drive Responsible and Productive AI. Gartner.

Gokce, T. A., Topal, A. D., & Geçer, A. K. (2024). Investigating the Level of Artificial Intelligence Literacy of University Students Using Decision Trees. Educational Information Technology.

Korte, S.-M., Cheung, W. M.-Y., Maasilta, M., Kong, S.-C., Keskitalo, P., Wang, L., Lau, C. M., Lee, J. C. K., & Gu, M. M. (2024). Enhancing Artificial Intelligence Literacy Through Cross-cultural Online Workshops. Computers and Education Open, 6, 100164.

Long, D., & Magerko, B. (2020). What is AI Literacy? Competencies and Design Considerations. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’20) (pp. 1–16). Association for Computing Machinery.

Ng, D. T. K., Leung, J. K. L., Chu, S. K. W., & Qiao, M. S. (2021). Conceptualizing AI literacy: An exploratory review. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 2, 100041.

Walter, Y. (2024). Embracing the Future of Artificial Intelligence in the Classroom: The Relevance of AI Literacy, Prompt Engineering, and Critical Thinking in Modern Education. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 21(15).

Wang, B., Rau, P. L. P., & Yuan, T. (2022). Measuring User Competence in Using Artificial Intelligence: Validity and Reliability of Artificial Intelligence Literacy Scale. Behaviour & Information Technology, 42(9), 1324–1337.

Zhou, X., & Schofield, L. (2024, November 13). A Model to Enhance Students’ AI Literacy. AACSB Insights.

2. Literature on AI Basics

AI in Higher Education Resource Hub. (n.d.).

Artificial Intelligence: The Insights You Need from Harvard Business Review. (2019). Boston, MA: Harvard Business Review Press.

Artificial Intelligence School. (2024, June 28). Types of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Explained.

Baker, P. (2025). Generative AI for Dummies (1st ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Burgess, A. (2024). The Executive Guide to Artificial Intelligence: Cutting Through the Hype – How to Get the Most from AI in Your Organization (2nd ed.). Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.

Caiming, Z., & Yang, L. (2021). Study on artificial intelligence: The state of the art and future prospects. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 23, 100224.

Chan, C. K. Y., & Colloton, T. (2024). Generative AI in Higher Education: The ChatGPT Effect (1st ed., Vol. 1). Routledge.

Dhruv Kumar, J. (n.d.). AI for Business Leaders: The No-nonsense Guide to Key Concepts and Practical Applications

Gartner. (2024a, April 25). Defining AI and Setting Realistic Expectations (ID G00806222).

Gartner. (2024b). Hype Cycle for Artificial Intelligence, 2024 (ID G00809438).

Gupta, N., & Mangla, R. (2020). Artificial Intelligence Basics (1st ed.). Dulles, VA: Mercury Learning and Information.

Joshi, A. V. (2023). Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence (2nd ed.). Cham, Switzerland: Springer.

Khan, A. (2024). Artificial Intelligence: A Guide for Everyone. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.

MIT Management. (n.d.-a). AI Basics: From Neural Networks to Natural Language, Explore the Key Concepts that Power AI Systems.

MIT Management. (n.d.-b). Glossary of Terms: Generative AI Basics.

MIT Management. (n.d.-c). How ChatGPT Works: A Non-technical Primer.

Mitchell, M. (2019). Artificial Intelligence: A Guide for Thinking Humans. London, UK: Pelican Books.

Mueller, J., Massaron, L., & Diamond, S. (2025). Artificial Intelligence for Dummies (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Olson, P. (2024). Supremacy: AI, ChatGPT, and the Race That Will Change the World (1st ed.). London, UK: Macmillan.

Oguike, O. (2021). A First Course in Artificial Intelligence. Sharjah: Bentham Science Publishers.

Shirer, D. L. (2024). Welcome to AI: A Human Guide to Artificial Intelligence. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Review Press.

Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI). (n.d.). The AI index report.

Voeneky, S., et al. (2022). The Cambridge Handbook of Responsible Artificial Intelligence: Interdisciplinary Perspectives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

WEF. (n.d.). Artificial intelligence

• Literature on AI Misconceptions

Baker, P. (2025). Generative AI for Dummies (1st ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Daniel Leufer’s Mozilla Open Web Fellowship. (n.d.). AI myths. The Ford Foundation and Mozilla.

Nussbaum, F. G. (2023, October 31). A Comprehensive Review of AI Myths and Misconceptions.

Ramos, L., et al. (2024, March 19). When Not to Use Generative AI. Gartner.

Zekoff, A. (2023, August 21). 18 Tech Experts Discuss AI Myths That Should Be Debunked. Forbes.

3. Tips on AI Use

• Literature on Write Effective Prompts

2023 AI for Education. (2023). GenAI Chatbot Prompt Library for Educators.

Baker, P. (2025). Generative AI for Dummies (1st ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Gómez Cardosa, D., & Garcia-Brustenga, G. (2023). How to question AI: Useful prompts for teaching staff when using generative AI. Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, eLearning Innovation Center.

How to write ChatGPT Prompts: Your 2025 guide. (2024, December 4). Coursera.

Lo, L. S. (2023). The CLEAR Path: A Framework for Enhancing Information Literacy Through Prompt Engneering. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 49(4), 102720.

MIT Management. (n.d.). Effective Prompts for AI: The Essentials.

Mollick, E., & Mollick, L. (2023). Assigning AI: Seven Approaches for Students, with Prompts. ArXiv.

Sieber, S. (2024, September 1). Mastering GenAI: Resources to Help You Get the Most out of Your AI Buddy. IESE Insight.

• Choose the Right AI Tools

Ithaka S+R Generative AI Product Tracker

Gartner. Generative AI Apps Reviews and Ratings

List of popular Generative AI tools categorized by expertise, many of which are applicable across multiple areas:

– Multimodal:
Chat GPT (Open AI). Underlying Technology GPT-4

CoPilot (Microsoft). Underlying Technology GPT-4 (Microsoft Prometheus model)

Gemini (Google). Underlying Technology Gemini 1.5 Pro model)

– Teaching & Research:
Consensus AI (Consensus). Propietary AI Models.

Elicit (Ought Inc.) Propietary AI Models.

Research Rabbit. Propietary AI Models.

Keenious. Propietary AI Models.

Scispace. Propietary AI Models.

Semantic Scholar (Allen Institute for AI). Propietary AI Models.

Perplexity (Perplexity AI). Combination of Advanced AI Models and Web Search Capabilities.

Connected Papers. Propietary AI Models.

– Code Generation:
GitHub Copilot (GitHub, Microsoft). OpenAi Chat GPT.

Tabnine. Propietary AI Models.

Replit. Propietary AI Models.

– Image Creator:
DALL-E2 (Open AI). Propietary AI Models.

Midjourney. Propietary AI Models.

Canva. Propietary AI Models.

– Video and Audio:
Synthesia. Propietary AI Models.

Descript. Propietary AI Models.

• Literature on How to Evaluate AI-Generated Content

Burden, J. (2024). Evaluating AI Evaluation: Perils and Prospects. Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence, Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, University of Cambridge.

Evaluating AI tools. (2024). In The Curious Educator’s Guide to AI: Strategies and Exercises for Meaningful Use in Higher Ed. Paul R. MacPherson Institute for Leadership, Innovation and Excellence in Teaching.

Fang, X., Che, S., Mao, M., et al. (2024). Bias of AI-generated Content: An Examination of News Produced by Large Language Models. Scientific Reports, 14, 5224.

Hervieux, S., & Wheatley, A. (2020). The ROBOT Test [Evaluation tool]. The LibrAIry.

Mackie, K., & Aspenlieder, E. (2024). Rubric for Evaluating AI tools: Fundamental Criteria. Paul R. MacPherson Institute for Leadership, Innovation and Excellence in Teaching, McMaster University.

Ou, M., Zheng, H., Zeng, Y., & Hansen, P. (2024). Trust it or Not: Understanding Users’ Motivations and Strategies for Assessing the Credibility of AI-generated Information. New Media & Society.

Referencing Generative AI and Why Students Should Take the CRAAP Test: Advice from the Library. (2023).

Weber-Wulff, D., Anohina-Naumeca, A., Bjelobaba, S., et al. (2023). Testing of Detection Tools for AI-generated Text. International Journal for Educational Integrity, 19, 26.

4. AI Ethics

• Literature on AI Ethics

Abrams, Z. (2024, January 8). Addressing Equity and Ethics in Artificial Intelligence. Monitor on Psychology, 55(3), 24.

Changwu, H., Zhang, Z., Mao, B., & Yao, X. (2023). An Overview of Artificial Intelligence Ethics. IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence, 4(4), 799–819.

Choung, H., David, P., & Ross, A. (2023). Trust and Ethics in AI. AI & Society, 38, 733–745.

COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics). (2023). Artificial Intelligence and Authorship.

European Commission, Directorate-General for Education, Youth, Sport and Culture. (2022). Ethical Guidelines on the Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Data in Teaching and Learning for Educators. Publications Office of the European Union.

European Network for Academic Integrity. Recommendations on the Ethical Use of Artificial Intelligence in Education. (n.d.).

Gašević, D., Siemens, G., & Sadiq, S. (2023). Empowering Learners for the Age of Artificial Intelligence. Computers & Education: Artificial Intelligence, 4, 100130.

Hagendorff, T. (2020). The Ethics of AI Ethics: An Evaluation of Guidelines. Minds and Machines, 30(1), 99–120.

Huang, C., Zhang, Z., Mao, B., & Yao, X. (2023). An Overview of Artificial Intelligence Ethics. IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence, 4(4), 799–819.

IBM. (n.d.). What is AI Ethics?

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (n.d.). Ethics of Artificial Intelligence.

Nicoletti, L., & Bass, D. (2023, June 9). Humans are Biased: Generative AI is Even Worse. Bloomberg Technology + Equality.

Scribbr. (2023, June 29). Ethical Implications of ChatGPT. Revised on September 11, 2023, by Eoghan Ryan.

Stahl, B. C., & Eke, D. (2024). The Ethics of ChatGPT: Exploring the Ethical Issues of an Emerging Technology. International Journal of Information Management, 74, 102700.

UNESCO. (2023). ChatGPT and Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: A Quick Start Guide.

UNESCO. (n.d.). Ethics of Artificial Intelligence.

University of Helsinki. (n.d.). Ethics of AI.

Uzzi, B. (2020, November 4). A Simple Tactic that Could Help Reduce Bias in AI. Harvard Business Review.

Weber-Wulff, D., Anohina-Naumeca, A., Bjelobaba, S., et al. (2023). Testing of Detection Tools for AI-GGenerated Text. International Journal for Educational Integrity, 19, 26.

5. IESE Policy & Publishers

• Publisher statements on AI for those publishers with which the University of Navarra has Transformative Agreements for Open Access Publishing:

– Cambridge UP. AI Contributions to Research Content
– Elsevier. The use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in writing for Elsevier
– Springer Nature. Artificial Intelligence (AI)
– Oxford UP. Author use of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI)
– Wiley. Best Practice Guidelines on Research Integrity and Publishing Ethics: Artificial Intelligence.

• IESE IA Policy

– IESE guidelines for AI in content creation

6. How to Cite AI

• When citing generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in your academic work, follow these guidelines:

– Generative AI in APA style
– Generative AI in Chicago style
– Generative AI in MLA style

Other Styles:
– Scribbr. How to Cite Sources | Citation Generator & Quick Guide